He aha kaPalapala hōʻoia AISma Inia? Pono anei ka palapala hōʻoia AIS?,
Palapala hōʻoia AIS,

▍He aha ka GOST-R Declaration?

ʻO GOST-R Declaration of Conformity kahi palapala hōʻike e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā waiwai me nā lula palekana Lūkini. I ka wā i hoʻopuka ʻia ai ke kānāwai o ka huahana a me ka lawelawe hōʻoia e ka Russian Federation ma 1995, ua hoʻomaka ka ʻōnaehana hōʻoia huahana koi i Rusia. Pono ia i nā huahana a pau i kūʻai ʻia ma ka mākeke Lūkini e paʻi ʻia me ka hōʻailona hōʻoia pono GOST.

E like me kekahi o nā ʻano o ka palapala hōʻoia conformity mandatory, ʻo Gost-R Declaration of Conformity e pili ana i nā hōʻike nānā a i ʻole ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele maikaʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka Hōʻike o ka Conformity he ʻano hiki ke hāʻawi wale ʻia i kahi hui kānāwai Lūkini ʻo ia ka mea i noi ʻia (mea paʻa) o ka palapala hōʻoia hiki ke lilo i hui i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ʻo Rūsia a i ʻole ke keʻena haole i hoʻopaʻa inoa ma Rusia.

▍ ʻAno Hoʻolaha GOST-R a me ka Pono

1. Sʻōlelo PelekaneShipmentCpalapala hōʻoia

Hoʻopili wale ʻia ka palapala hoʻouna hoʻokahi i ka pūʻulu i kuhikuhi ʻia, huahana i kuhikuhi ʻia i loko o kahi ʻaelike. Aia ka ʻike kikoʻī ma lalo o ka mana, e like me ka inoa mea, ka nui, ka kikoʻī, ka ʻaelike a me ka mea kūʻai aku Lūkini.

2. Cpalapala hōʻoiae me ka pono ohookahi makahiki

Ke hāʻawi ʻia kahi huahana i ka palapala hōʻoia, hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻokuʻu aku i nā huahana i Rūsia i loko o 1 makahiki me ka palena ʻole o nā manawa hoʻouna a me nā nui i ka mea kūʻai aku.

3. Cpalapala hōʻoia me ka pono oʻekolu/ʻelima makahiki

Ke hāʻawi ʻia kahi huahana i ka palapala hōʻoia, hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻokuʻu aku i nā huahana i Rūsia i loko o 3 a i ʻole 5 mau makahiki me ka palena ʻole o nā manawa hoʻouna a me nā nui i ka mea kūʻai aku.

▍No ke aha MCM?

● Loaʻa iā MCM kekahi pūʻulu o nā ʻenekinia e aʻo i nā lula hou o Rūsia, me ka hōʻoia ʻana e hiki ke kaʻana like i nā nūhou hōʻoia GOST-R hou loa me nā mea kūʻai aku.

●MCM kūkulu pili pili me ka kūloko ka earliest-hoʻokumu hōʻoia hui, e hoʻolako paʻa a me ka pono palapala lawelawe no nā mea kūʻai mai.

▍He aha ka EAC?

Wahi aTheNā Koina maʻamau a me nā lula o nā hoʻoponopono ʻenehana no Kazakhstan, Belarus a me ka Russian FederationʻO ia kahi ʻaelike i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia e Russia, Belarus a me Kazakhstan ma ʻOkakopa 18 2010, e hāʻawi ke Kōmike Hui Kūʻai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kūlana kūlike a me nā koi e hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka huahana. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi palapala hōʻoia no ʻekolu mau ʻāina, kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka palapala hōʻoia CU-TR Russia-Belarus-Kazakhstan me kahi hōʻailona like ʻole EAC. Hoʻohana mālie ʻia ke kānāwai mai ka lā 15 o Pepeluali^th2013. I Ianuali 2015, hui pū ʻo Armenia a me Kyrgyzstan i ka Union Union.

▍CU-TR ke ʻano a me ka mana

1. Sʻōlelo PelekaneShipmentCpalapala hōʻoia

Hoʻopili wale ʻia ka palapala hoʻouna hoʻokahi i ka pūʻulu i kuhikuhi ʻia, huahana i kuhikuhi ʻia i loko o kahi ʻaelike. Aia ka ʻike kikoʻī ma lalo o ka mana, e like me ka inoa mea, ka nui, ka ʻaelike kikoʻī a me ka mea kūʻai aku Lūkini. I ka noi ʻana i ka palapala hōʻoia, ʻaʻole koi ʻia nā laʻana e hāʻawi akā pono nā palapala a me nā ʻike.

1. Cpalapala hōʻoiameponoohookahi makahiki

Ke hāʻawi ʻia kahi huahana i ka palapala hōʻoia, hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻokuʻu aku i nā huahana i Rūsia i loko o 1 makahiki me ka palena ʻole o nā manawa hoʻouna a me nā nui.

1. Palapala me ka mana oʻekolumakahikis

Ke hāʻawi ʻia kahi huahana i ka palapala hōʻoia, hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻokuʻu aku i nā huahana i Rusia i loko o 3 mau makahiki me ka ʻole o ka palena o nā manawa hoʻouna a me nā nui.

1. Palapala me ka mana o elima makahiki

Ke hāʻawi ʻia kahi huahana i ka palapala hōʻoia, hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻokuʻu aku i nā huahana i Rusia i loko o 5 mau makahiki me ka ʻole o ka palena o nā manawa hoʻouna a me nā nui.

▍No ke aha MCM?

●MCM loaʻa i ka hui pf 'oihana 'enekinia e aʻo kuʻuna uniona hou hōʻoia hooponopono, a e hoʻolako kokoke papahana ukali lawelawe, e hōʻoia 'ana nā mea kūʻai mai e komo i loko o ka'āina smoothly a me ka holomua.

● ʻO ka nui o nā kumuwaiwai i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma o ka ʻoihana pākaukau e hiki ai iā MCM ke hāʻawi i ka lawelawe kūpono a me ka uku haʻahaʻa no ka mea kūʻai aku.

● Hoʻokumu ʻo MCM i ka launa pū ʻana me nā hui pili kūloko, e hōʻoia ana i ka ʻike hou loa o ka hōʻoia CU-TR e kaʻana pololei a me ka manawa me nā mea kūʻai aku.

Me ka ulu wikiwiki o ka heluna kanaka a me ka hoʻokele waiwai o India, ua lilo ʻo India i ka lua o ka mākeke ulu nui loa ma ka honua ma hope o Kina, a ʻo ka mākeke kūʻai kaʻa kekahi o nā wahi me ka ulu kiʻekiʻe loa o ka honua. No laila, ʻo ka lawe ʻana aku i nā huahana kaʻa i India e pili ana i kahi palapala koi, ʻo ia hoʻi ka palapala hōʻoia AIS.
ʻO ke kūlana ʻoihana kaʻa kaʻa India (AIS) kahi ʻāpana o ke kikowaena kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa (CMVR) i hoʻoholo ʻia i ka makahiki 1989. ʻO ka pauku 126 o ke kānāwai e wehewehe i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo ka ʻae ʻana. E like me ka "compulsory product certification system" (3C certification) o Kina, pili ka palapala AIS i ka maikaʻi a me ka palekana, ka nānā ʻana i nā kaʻa kaʻa a me nā ʻāpana kaʻa, a he ala ia e komo ai i ka mākeke India.
Aia ka laulā o nā huahana hōʻoia koi:
Nā kaʻa kaʻa: nā kaʻa kaʻa, nā kaʻa kaʻa, nā kaʻa, nā kaʻa, nā kaʻa, nā mīkini hana alanui, a pēlā aku;
Nā ʻāpana kaʻa kaʻa: ke aniani palekana, ka pū, ka paipu hoʻoheheʻe, ka pahu, ke kāʻei palekana, etc.
Hiki ke hana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka hōʻoia e nā hui like ʻole, e like me Arai, ACMA a me ICAT.
ʻO ka Indian Automotive Research Association of India (Arai) he lālā o ka Indian Automotive Industry Research Association, nona ka ʻoihana koʻikoʻi o India a me ke keʻena ʻoihana lehulehu a aia ma Pune, ke kūlanakauhale o ka ʻoihana ʻenehana India. Wahi a AIS maʻamau a i ʻole maʻamau, hoʻāʻo ʻo Arai a nānā i nā ʻāpana kaʻa a me nā kaʻa piha, loiloi i ka hana o nā huahana, a i ʻole loiloi i ka maikaʻi a me ka palekana o nā ʻāpana.
ʻO ka pōʻai hōʻoia Arai: 4-5 mahina