UL 9540 2023 Hoʻololi Hou
UL 95402023 Hoʻololi Hou,
UL 9540,
▍He aha ka cTUVus & ETL CERTIFICATION?
ʻO OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration), pili i ka US DOL (Department of Labor), koi i nā huahana a pau e hoʻohana ʻia ma kahi hana pono e hoʻāʻo a hōʻoia ʻia e NRTL ma mua o ke kūʻai ʻia ʻana ma ka mākeke. ʻO nā kūlana hoʻāʻo kūpono e pili ana i nā maʻamau American National Standards Institute (ANSI); Nā kūlana o ka American Society for Testing Material (ASTM), nā kūlana Underwriter Laboratory (UL), a me nā kūlana o ka hui hui ʻana o ka hale hana.
▍OSHA, NRTL, cTUVus, ETL a me UL wehewehe a me ka pilina
OSHA:ʻO ka pōkole o ka ʻoihana palekana a me ka mālama ola kino. He hui ia o US DOL (Department of Labor).
NRTL：Hoʻopau ʻia o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻike ʻia o ka Lahui. ʻO ia ke kuleana o ka ʻae ʻana o ka lab. Aia a hiki i kēia manawa, aia he 18 mau keʻena hoʻāʻo ʻaoʻao ʻekolu i ʻae ʻia e NRTL, me TUV, ITS, MET a pēlā aku.
cTUVus：Hōʻailona hōʻoia o TUVRh ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau.
ETL：ʻO ka pōkole o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Uila ʻAmelika. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 1896 e Albert Einstein, ka mea hana ʻAmelika.
UL：ʻO ka pōkole o Underwriter Laboratories Inc.
▍ ʻOkoʻa ma waena o cTUVus, ETL & UL
| 'ikamu | UL | cTUVus | ETL |
| Hoʻohana maʻamau | Ua like | ||
| Pono ke kula no ka loaa palapala | NRTL (Lahui i ʻae ʻia e ka lāhui) | ||
| Makeke noi | ʻAmelika ʻĀkau (US a me Kanada) | ||
| ʻOihana hoʻāʻo a hōʻoia | Hana ʻo Underwriter Laboratory (China) Inc i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a hoʻopuka i ka leka hoʻopau papahana | Hana ʻo MCM i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka palapala hoʻopuka TUV | Hana ʻo MCM i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka palapala hoʻopuka TUV |
| Ka manawa o waena o ka hoʻomaka a i ka wā pau | 5-12W | 2-3W | 2-3W |
| Uku noi | Kiʻekiʻe ma ka hoa | Ma kahi o 50 ~ 60% o ke kumukūʻai UL | Ma kahi o 60 ~ 70% o ke kumukūʻai UL |
| Pōmaikaʻi | He hui kūloko ʻAmelika me ka ʻike maikaʻi ʻia ma US a me Kanada | Loaʻa i kahi hui International ka mana a hāʻawi i ke kumukūʻai kūpono, e ʻike ʻia e ʻAmelika ʻAmelika | He hui ʻAmelika me ka ʻike maikaʻi ʻia ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau |
| Ka pōʻino |
| ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hōʻailona ma mua o ka UL | ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻike ma mua o ka UL i ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka ʻāpana huahana |
▍No ke aha MCM?
● Kākoʻo palupalu mai ka hōʻoia a me ka ʻenehana:Ma ke keʻena hoʻāʻo hōʻike o TUVRH a me ITS ma North American Certification, hiki iā MCM ke hana i nā ʻano hoʻokolohua āpau a hāʻawi i ka lawelawe ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻenehana he alo a he alo.
● Kākoʻo paʻakikī mai ka ʻenehana:Hoʻolako ʻia ʻo MCM me nā mea hoʻāʻo a pau no nā pāhana o nā papahana nui, liʻiliʻi a pololei (ʻo ia hoʻi ke kaʻa uila uila, ka ikehu mālama, a me nā huahana uila uila), hiki ke hāʻawi i nā lawelawe hoʻāʻo a me nā lawelawe hōʻoia ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, e uhi ana i nā kūlana. UL2580, UL1973, UL2271, UL1642, UL2054 a pēlā aku.
Ma Iune 28th 2023, ka maʻamau no ka ʻōnaehana mālama ʻana i ka ikehu ANSI / CAN / UL 9540: 2023: Kūlana no ka Energy Storage Systems a me nā lako e hoʻopuka i ke kolu o ka loiloi. E nānā mākou i nā ʻokoʻa o ka wehewehe ʻana, ka hoʻolālā a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. No ka Pūnaehana Pūnaewele Pūnaewele (BESS), pono ka pā e hoʻokō i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o UL 9540A Unit Level. Hiki i ka Gasket a me nā sila ke hoʻokō me UL 50E/CSA C22.2 No. 94.2 UL 157 a i ʻole ASTM D412. Inā hoʻohana ʻo BESS i ka pā metala, pono kēlā paʻa he mau mea hiki ʻole ke puhi ʻia a i ʻole e hoʻokō me UL Pono ka pā 9540A unit.ESS i ka ikaika a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa. Hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia kēia ma ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o UL 50, UL 1741, IEC 62477-1, UL 2755, ISO 1496-1 a i ʻole nā kūlana like ʻole. Akā no ka ESS ma lalo o 50kWh, hiki ke loiloi ʻia ka ikaika o ka pā ma o kēia maʻamau. o ka 500 kWh a oi aku paha e pono e hoolako ia me ka hoolaha hoolaha o waho (EWCS) i mea e hoolaha mua aku ai. nā mea hoʻohana i kahi pilikia palekana. Pono ke kau ʻana o EWCS e kuhikuhi i ka NFPA 72. Pono ke ala hoʻāla ʻike e like me UL 1638. Pono ke kani leo e like me UL 464/ ULC525. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pae kani no nā puʻupuʻu leo ma mua o 100 Dba.ESS i loko o nā wai, me ka ESS me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoluʻu i loaʻa ka wai hoʻoheheʻe wai, e hāʻawi ʻia me kekahi mau ala e ʻike ai i ka leak e nānā ai no ka nalowale o ka mea hoʻohenehene. ʻO ka liki ʻana o ka wai hoʻoluʻu i ʻike ʻia he hōʻailona hōʻailona i ka ʻōnaehana nānā a me ka hoʻokele ESS a e hoʻomaka i kahi puʻupuʻu inā hāʻawi ʻia.
