E hoʻāʻo ʻia nā Bateri Sodium-ion no ka lawe ʻana i ka UN38.3
E hoʻāʻo ʻo UN38.3 i nā Bateri Sodium-ion no ka lawe ʻana,
Un38.3 Hoao,
▍He aha ka cTUVus & ETL CERTIFICATION?
ʻO OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration), pili i ka US DOL (Department of Labor), koi i nā huahana a pau e hoʻohana ʻia ma kahi hana pono e hoʻāʻo a hōʻoia ʻia e NRTL ma mua o ke kūʻai ʻia ʻana ma ka mākeke. ʻO nā kūlana hoʻāʻo kūpono e pili ana i nā maʻamau American National Standards Institute (ANSI); Nā kūlana o ka American Society for Testing Material (ASTM), nā kūlana Underwriter Laboratory (UL), a me nā kūlana o ka hui hui ʻana o ka hale hana.
▍OSHA, NRTL, cTUVus, ETL a me UL wehewehe a me ka pilina
OSHA:ʻO ka pōkole o ka ʻoihana palekana a me ka mālama ola kino. He hui ia o US DOL (Department of Labor).
NRTL：Hoʻopau ʻia o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻike ʻia o ka Lahui. ʻO ia ke kuleana o ka ʻae ʻana o ka lab. Aia a hiki i kēia manawa, aia he 18 mau keʻena hoʻāʻo ʻaoʻao ʻekolu i ʻae ʻia e NRTL, me TUV, ITS, MET a pēlā aku.
cTUVus：Hōʻailona hōʻoia o TUVRh ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau.
ETL：ʻO ka pōkole o ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Uila ʻAmelika. Ua hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 1896 e Albert Einstein, ka mea hana ʻAmelika.
UL：ʻO ka pōkole o Underwriter Laboratories Inc.
▍ ʻOkoʻa ma waena o cTUVus, ETL & UL
| 'ikamu | UL | cTUVus | ETL |
| Hoʻohana maʻamau | Ua like | ||
| Pono ke kula no ka loaa palapala | NRTL (Lahui i ʻae ʻia e ka lāhui) | ||
| Makeke noi | ʻAmelika ʻĀkau (US a me Kanada) | ||
| ʻOihana hoʻāʻo a hōʻoia | Hana ʻo Underwriter Laboratory (China) Inc i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a hoʻopuka i ka leka hoʻopau papahana | Hana ʻo MCM i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka palapala hoʻopuka TUV | Hana ʻo MCM i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana a me ka palapala hoʻopuka TUV |
| Ka manawa o waena o ka hoʻomaka a i ka wā pau | 5-12W | 2-3W | 2-3W |
| Uku noi | Kiʻekiʻe ma ka hoa | Ma kahi o 50 ~ 60% o ke kumukūʻai UL | Ma kahi o 60 ~ 70% o ke kumukūʻai UL |
| Pōmaikaʻi | He hui kūloko ʻAmelika me ka ʻike maikaʻi ʻia ma US a me Kanada | Loaʻa i kahi hui International ka mana a hāʻawi i ke kumukūʻai kūpono, e ʻike ʻia e ʻAmelika ʻAmelika | He hui ʻAmelika me ka ʻike maikaʻi ʻia ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau |
| Ka pōʻino |
| ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hōʻailona ma mua o ka UL | ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻike ma mua o ka UL i ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka ʻāpana huahana |
▍No ke aha MCM?
● Kākoʻo palupalu mai ka hōʻoia a me ka ʻenehana:Ma ke keʻena hoʻāʻo hōʻike o TUVRH a me ITS ma North American Certification, hiki iā MCM ke hana i nā ʻano hoʻokolohua āpau a hāʻawi i ka lawelawe ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻenehana he alo a he alo.
● Kākoʻo paʻakikī mai ka ʻenehana:Hoʻolako ʻia ʻo MCM me nā mea hoʻāʻo a pau no nā pāhana o nā papahana nui, liʻiliʻi a pololei (ʻo ia hoʻi ke kaʻa uila uila, ka ikehu mālama, a me nā huahana uila uila), hiki ke hāʻawi i nā lawelawe hoʻāʻo a me nā lawelawe hōʻoia ma ʻAmelika ʻAmelika, e uhi ana i nā kūlana. UL2580, UL1973, UL2271, UL1642, UL2054 a pēlā aku.
ʻO ka hālāwai o UN TDG i mālama ʻia mai Nowemapa 29 a hiki i Dekemaba 8, 2021 ua ʻae i kahi noi e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mana pākaukau sodium-ion. Manaʻo ke Kōmike o ka poʻe akamai e kākau i nā hoʻololi i ka puke i hoʻoponopono hou ʻia he iwakāluakūmālua o nā Manaʻo no ka lawe ʻana i nā waiwai weliweli, a me nā kumu hoʻohālike (ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.22).
Hoʻoponopono i nā Manaʻo no ka lawe ʻana i nā waiwai ʻino
2.9.2 Ma hope o ka pauku no "Lithium batteries", e hoʻohui i kekahi ʻāpana hou e heluhelu penei: "Sodium ion batteries"No UN 3292, ma ke kolamu (2), e hoʻololi i ka "SODIUM" me ka "METALLIC SODIUM OR SODIUM ALLOY". Hoʻohui i kēia mau mea hou ʻelua:
No SP188, SP230, SP296, SP328, SP348, SP360, SP376 a me SP377, e hoʻololi i nā mea kūikawā; no SP400 a me SP401, e hoʻokomo i nā mea hoʻolako kūikawā (Nā koi no nā cell sodium-ion a me nā pā i loko a i hoʻopaʻa ʻia paha me nā lako e like me nā waiwai maʻamau no ka lawe ʻana)
E hahai i ka lepili e like me ka lithium-ion batteries. Amendment to Model Regulations
Ka laulā kūpono: ʻAʻole pili wale ʻo UN38.3 i nā pā lithium-ion, akā ʻo nā pā pā sodium-ion.
Hoʻohui ʻia kekahi mau wehewehe ʻana i nā "Batteries Sodium-ion" me nā "Batteries Sodium-ion" a i ʻole holoi ʻia o "Lithium-ion".
E hoʻohui i kahi papa o ka laʻana laʻana: ʻAʻole koi ʻia nā kelepona ma ke kaʻa kūʻokoʻa a ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o nā pila no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o T8.
