ʻElua kumu i lilo ai ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana aku o NEV (New Energy Vehicles) i mea maʻamau. ʻO ka mea mua, ma hope o ka bapetizo ʻana o ka mākeke kūloko, ua hoʻokumu nā ʻoihana NEV o Kina i nā pono huahana a hele i waho o ka ʻāina e hopu i ka mākeke honua. ʻO ka lua, ma lalo o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana o ka hui honua honua, ua hoʻomaka ka nui o nā ʻāina e hoʻokumu i nā kulekele hoʻokuʻu kalapona. ʻO ka lawe ʻana aku i nā kaʻa ka mea maʻamau o ka lawe ʻana ma ke kai, akā i kēia manawa ua makemake nui ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻa kaʻa e nā mea lawe moku. ʻO kēia ma muli o ka hoʻololi koke ʻana o ke kūlana honua a me ke ʻano o ke kaʻa kaʻaahi Sino-European. E kālailai kēia ʻatikala i nā koi o ke kaʻa kaʻaahi e pili ana i ke kulekele kūloko a me nā palapala o ka Railway Cooperation Organization.

I ʻApelila 2023, ua hui pū ka National Railway Administration, ka Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, a me ka National Railway Group i ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka lawe kaʻaahi NEV a me ka lawelawe ʻana i ka ʻoihana NEV. No ka plug-in hybrid a i ʻole ka uila maʻemaʻe i nā kaʻa huahana ikehu hou i hoʻokele ʻia e nā pā lithium ion a ua hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ke ʻano o kaNā mea hana kaʻa kaʻa alanui a me ka hoʻolaha huahana o ke KuhinaʻOihana a me ka ʻenehana ʻike (ʻaʻole i hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā mea hoʻolako ikehu hou i kēia kaohi), ʻaʻole mālama ʻia ka lawe kaʻaahi NEV ma ke ʻano he waiwai pōʻino, a na nā ʻaoʻao lawe lawe i ka halihali. Kulike keia me na koi o kaNā Hoʻoponopono Hoʻomalu Palekana, Papakaukauo SafetySluna a meManagement oDhuhuGoodsKaaahi Thoʻopono(GB 12268) a me nā kānāwai ʻē aʻe, nā lula a me nā kūlana kūpono.

Hōʻike kēia: ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ka lawe ʻana i ka ikehu hou i loko o ka ʻōnaehana kaʻaahi kūloko ʻaʻole ia i nā waiwai pōʻino. ʻO ka lua, inā makemake ʻo NEV i kahi kaʻa hui honua, me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi kūloko, e hoʻokō pū ʻia nā ʻōlelo kūpono o ka Hui Hui Kūʻai.

Kaʻa ʻĀina

ʻOiai hiki ke lawe ʻia ka halihali i loko o ka ʻōnaehana kaʻaahi kūloko ma ke ʻano he waiwai ʻole, pono e hoʻolohe i:

1、I ka wā o ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā kaʻa waiwai hou, pono e hāʻawi ka mea hoʻouna i nā palapala hōʻoia o ka hale hana o nā kaʻa waiwai hou (ʻaʻole i hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kaʻa waiwai hou i kēia palena). Pono e kūlike nā palapala hōʻoia me ka hoʻouna maoli ʻana o nā huahana kaʻa.

2、 Mokuʻāina e hoʻouka ana i ka pākaukau a me ka moku wahie. ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 65% ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka pā mana o ka kaʻa waiwai hou. ʻAʻohe leakage a me nā pilikia ʻē aʻe ke pani ʻia ka uhi puka pahu o ka plug-in hybrid hybrid. ʻAʻole e hoʻopiha ʻia a ʻoki ʻia ka ʻaila i ka wā o ka lawe kaʻaahi.

3、Ma waho aʻe o nā ʻāpana i hui pū ʻia, ʻaʻohe pākaukau ʻokoʻa a me nā pila ʻē aʻe i ka wā o ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā kaʻa waiwai hou. Ma waho aʻe o nā mea pono i hoʻolako ʻia ma ka hale hana, ʻaʻole e lawe ʻia nā mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka kaʻa waiwai hou a i loko o ka pahu.

Ika honuaChui pū ʻiaThoʻopono

E kulike pu me na koi o kaNā rula no ka lawe ʻana i nā waiwai ʻino, Annex Helu 2 i kaKuikahi no ka neʻe ʻana o nā waiwai ma ke kaʻaahio ka Hui Hui Hana Kaaahi (i kapaia ma keia hope aku o Annex No. 2). ʻO ka Hui Hui Kūʻai ʻo Railway he hui waena aupuni. Aia he 27 mau mokuʻāina lālā (e like me ʻAukake 2011): Azerbaijan, Albania, Belarus, Bulgaria, Hungary, Viet Nam, Georgia, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kina, North Korea, Cuba, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Mongolia, Polani, ʻO Rusia, Romania, Slovakia, Tajikistan, Turkey Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, Czech Republic a me Estonia. Eia kekahi, ma ke ʻano he poʻe mākaʻikaʻi e hui pū me ka Hui Hui Kūʻai ʻo Kelemania (Kelemānia railway), Farani (French railway), Helene (Greek railway), Finland (Finnish railway), Serbia (Serbia railway) a me nā kaʻaahi aupuni ʻē aʻe, a me ka ʻO ka Hui Kaʻaahi Gier-Chopron-Ebinfuerte (Gieschofu railway). Kokoke uhi ka Hui Hui Hui Kaaahi i ke kaaahi Central Europe ma o na aina.

Ma ka papa inoa o nā waiwai pōʻino, Māhele 3 o Annex 2, Nā Kūlana Kūikawā - nā hoʻokuʻu ʻana no nā nui i kaupalena ʻia a me nā mea kūʻokoʻa: nā kaʻa uila a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hana i hana ʻia, me ka helu UN UN 3171, ʻaʻole i kau ʻia i nā palena o Annex 2 o kaKuikahi no ka neʻe ʻana o nā waiwai ma ke kaʻaahi. E ʻoluʻolu e nānā i ka Paukū Kūikawā 240 o ka Mokuna 3.3. ʻO nā koi nui o Special Article 240:

1、Ua hoʻokō ka pākaukau a i ʻole ka pahu pākahi i nā koi o nā hoʻokolohua āpau ma ka Māhele III, 38.3 o kaManual of Tests and Criteria;

2、E hana ʻia nā ʻeke a me nā ʻeke pākahi e like me kēia ʻōnaehana mana maikaʻi;

3、UN3171 nā kaʻa uila, ʻo nā kaʻa wale nō ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻeke ʻeke wai a me nā pā sodium, nā pahu pahu lithium metala a i ʻole nā ​​​​paʻa pākahi lithium-ion nā kaʻa ikaika, hiki ke lawe ʻia ma hope o ke kau ʻana i kēia mau pā.

Ka hopena

Hoʻohui ʻia me nā koi kaʻa o ka ʻōnaehana kaʻaahi kūloko a me ka Hui Hui Hui Pū ʻIa, pono e hoʻokō ka lawe kaʻaahi NEV i kēia mau koi:

1、Ua hoʻokō ka pūʻulu pākahi i nā koi o UN38.3.

2、E loaʻa i ka hale hana pākaukau ka palapala ʻōnaehana maikaʻi.

3 、 Ma mua o ka lawe ʻana, ʻaʻole pono e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ukana ma mua o 65%.

4、I ka lawe ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ʻaʻole pono e hoʻokomo ʻia nā pākaukau ʻokoʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​piona ʻē aʻe i loko o ka pūʻolo.

5、E hāʻawi ka mea hoʻouna i nā palapala hōʻoia no nā kaʻa ʻoihana ikehu hou (ʻaʻole i hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā kaʻa waiwai hou i kēia palena).

Eia kekahi, inā ʻaʻole i loko o ka Hui Hui Kūʻai ʻo Railway, e like me Sepania. Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi i luna, e noʻonoʻo ʻia nā koi o ka RID.

No ka 'ike hou aku e pili ana i ka railalaka lawe ʻana, e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona iā MCM.