Nūhou a me ka hanana
Nūhou a me ka hanana,
palapala hōʻoia bsmi,
▍He aha ka GOST-R Declaration?
ʻO GOST-R Declaration of Conformity kahi palapala hōʻike e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā waiwai me nā lula palekana Lūkini. I ka wā i hoʻopuka ʻia ai ke kānāwai o ka huahana a me ka lawelawe hōʻoia e ka Russian Federation ma 1995, ua hoʻomaka ka ʻōnaehana hōʻoia huahana koi i Rusia. Pono ia i nā huahana a pau i kūʻai ʻia ma ka mākeke Lūkini e paʻi ʻia me ka hōʻailona hōʻoia pono GOST.
E like me kekahi o nā ʻano o ka palapala hōʻoia conformity mandatory, ʻo Gost-R Declaration of Conformity e pili ana i nā hōʻike nānā a i ʻole ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻokele maikaʻi. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka Hōʻike o ka Conformity he ʻano hiki ke hāʻawi wale ʻia i kahi hui kānāwai Lūkini ʻo ia ka mea i noi ʻia (mea paʻa) o ka palapala hōʻoia hiki ke lilo i hui i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ʻo Rūsia a i ʻole ke keʻena haole i hoʻopaʻa inoa ma Rusia.
▍ ʻAno Hoʻolaha GOST-R a me ka Pono
1. Sʻōlelo PelekaneShipmentCpalapala hōʻoia
Hoʻopili wale ʻia ka palapala hoʻouna hoʻokahi i ka pūʻulu i kuhikuhi ʻia, huahana i kuhikuhi ʻia i loko o kahi ʻaelike. Aia ka ʻike kikoʻī ma lalo o ka mana, e like me ka inoa mea, ka nui, ka kikoʻī, ka ʻaelike a me ka mea kūʻai aku Lūkini.
2. Cpalapala hōʻoiae me ka pono ohookahi makahiki
Ke hāʻawi ʻia kahi huahana i ka palapala hōʻoia, hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻokuʻu aku i nā huahana i Rūsia i loko o 1 makahiki me ka palena ʻole o nā manawa hoʻouna a me nā nui i ka mea kūʻai aku.
3. Cpalapala hōʻoia me ka pono oʻekolu/ʻelima makahiki
Ke hāʻawi ʻia kahi huahana i ka palapala hōʻoia, hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻokuʻu aku i nā huahana i Rūsia i loko o 3 a i ʻole 5 mau makahiki me ka palena ʻole o nā manawa hoʻouna a me nā nui i ka mea kūʻai aku.
▍No ke aha MCM?
● Loaʻa iā MCM kekahi pūʻulu o nā ʻenekinia e aʻo i nā lula hou o Rūsia, me ka hōʻoia ʻana e hiki ke kaʻana like i nā nūhou hōʻoia GOST-R hou loa me nā mea kūʻai aku.
●MCM kūkulu pili pili me ka kūloko ka earliest-hoʻokumu hōʻoia hui, e hoʻolako paʻa a me ka pono palapala lawelawe no nā mea kūʻai mai.
▍He aha ka EAC?
Wahi aTheNā Koina maʻamau a me nā lula o nā hoʻoponopono ʻenehana no Kazakhstan, Belarus a me ka Russian FederationʻO ia kahi ʻaelike i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia e Russia, Belarus a me Kazakhstan ma ʻOkakopa 18 2010, e hāʻawi ke Kōmike Hui Kūʻai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kūlana kūlike a me nā koi e hōʻoia i ka palekana o ka huahana. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi palapala hōʻoia no ʻekolu mau ʻāina, kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka palapala hōʻoia CU-TR Russia-Belarus-Kazakhstan me kahi hōʻailona like ʻole EAC. Hoʻohana mālie ʻia ke kānāwai mai ka lā 15 o Pepelualith2013. I Ianuali 2015, hui pū ʻo Armenia a me Kyrgyzstan i ka Union Union.
▍CU-TR ke ʻano a me ka mana
- Sʻōlelo PelekaneShipmentCpalapala hōʻoia
Hoʻopili wale ʻia ka palapala hoʻouna hoʻokahi i ka pūʻulu i kuhikuhi ʻia, huahana i kuhikuhi ʻia i loko o kahi ʻaelike. Aia ka ʻike kikoʻī ma lalo o ka mana, e like me ka inoa mea, ka nui, ka ʻaelike kikoʻī a me ka mea kūʻai aku Lūkini. I ka noi ʻana i ka palapala hōʻoia, ʻaʻole koi ʻia nā laʻana e hāʻawi akā pono nā palapala a me nā ʻike.
- Cpalapala hōʻoiameponoohookahi makahiki
Ke hāʻawi ʻia kahi huahana i ka palapala hōʻoia, hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻokuʻu aku i nā huahana i Rūsia i loko o 1 makahiki me ka palena ʻole o nā manawa hoʻouna a me nā nui.
- Palapala me ka mana oʻekolumakahikis
Ke hāʻawi ʻia kahi huahana i ka palapala hōʻoia, hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻokuʻu aku i nā huahana i Rusia i loko o 3 mau makahiki me ka ʻole o ka palena o nā manawa hoʻouna a me nā nui.
- Palapala me ka mana o elima makahiki
Ke hāʻawi ʻia kahi huahana i ka palapala hōʻoia, hiki i nā mea hana ke hoʻokuʻu aku i nā huahana i Rusia i loko o 5 mau makahiki me ka ʻole o ka palena o nā manawa hoʻouna a me nā nui.
▍No ke aha MCM?
●MCM loaʻa i ka hui pf 'oihana 'enekinia e aʻo kuʻuna uniona hou hōʻoia hooponopono, a e hoʻolako kokoke papahana ukali lawelawe, e hōʻoia 'ana nā mea kūʻai mai e komo i loko o ka'āina smoothly a me ka holomua.
● ʻO ka nui o nā kumuwaiwai i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma o ka ʻoihana pākaukau e hiki ai iā MCM ke hāʻawi i ka lawelawe kūpono a me ka uku haʻahaʻa no ka mea kūʻai aku.
● Hoʻokumu ʻo MCM i ka launa pū ʻana me nā hui pili kūloko, e hōʻoia ana i ka ʻike hou loa o ka hōʻoia CU-TR e kaʻana pololei a me ka manawa me nā mea kūʻai aku.
6. Wahi a nā hōʻike hoʻolaha haole, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi noi aupuni ma India
hoʻolālā e hāʻawi i ka US $ 4.6 biliona i nā hui e kūkulu ana i nā hale hana pākaukau holomua.
ʻO nā haʻawina, ʻo ka mua, e hoʻomaka ana mai ka makahiki kālā e hiki mai ana, e hāʻawi i $122 miliona i ke kālā a me nā ʻoihana
nā mea hoʻoikaika, a laila hoʻonui i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ma hope o 10 mau makahiki, koi makahiki o India no ka pākaukau
Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu i 230GWh, a hiki i ka nui o ka mākeke ke ulu i 14 biliona kālā ʻAmelika.
I kēia manawa, emi wale kēia mau helu ʻelua ma mua o 50GWh a ʻoi aku ma mua o 2 biliona kālā US. ʻO kēia kulekele
hiki ke hoʻopōmaikaʻi i nā hui i hana mua i nā pā lithium a me nā kaʻa uila ma India.
7. ʻOiai ka puka ʻana o ka maʻi maʻi i kēia makahiki ua hoʻokomo i ka hoʻokele waiwai o ʻAmelika i loko o ka emi ʻana, ma
nā huaʻōlelo o ka hiki ke hoʻokomo ʻia o nā ʻōnaehana mālama ikehu, ua loaʻa ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka mālama mālama ikehu US
hoʻokomo i ka mōʻaukala. I ka lua o ka hapaha kiʻekiʻe e hiki mai ana, i ka wā o nā makaniʻino, nā ahi ahi
a me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka pau ʻana o ka grid, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea hoʻohana noho i hoʻokomo i ka mana o ka lā
Ua hoʻonohonoho nā hale hana hana i nā ʻōnaehana mālama ikehu pākaukau e hāʻawi i ka mana hoʻihoʻi. ʻO ka
ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu noho ma Kaleponi a me Hawaii. Laau
Manaʻo nā mea loiloi Mackenzie e hiki ke hoʻokomo hou ʻia ka ʻōnaehana mālama ikehu
hiki i 1GW i kēia makahiki, a ua manaʻo ʻia e ʻoi aku ma mua o 3.7GW i 2021.
